Peringkat Konsili (Counsil classification)

Councils are, then, from their nature, a common effort of the Church, or part of the Church, for self-preservation and self-defence. They appear at her very origin, in the time of the Apostles at Jerusalem, and throughout her whole history whenever faith or morals or discipline are seriously threatened. Although their object is always the same, the circumstances under which they meet impart to them a great variety, which renders a classification necessary. Taking territorial extension for a basis, seven kinds of synods are distinguished.

1. Ecumenical Councils are those to which the bishops, and others entitled to vote, are convoked from the whole world (oikoumene) under the presidency of the pope or his legates, and the decrees of which, having received papal confirmation, bind all Christians. A council, Ecumenical in its convocation, may fail to secure the approbation of the whole Church or of the pope, and thus not rank in authority with Ecumenical councils. Such was the case with the Robber Synod of 449 (Latrocinium Ephesinum), the Synod of Pisa in 1409, and in part with the Councils of Constance and Basle.

2. The second rank is held by the general synods of the East or of the West, composed of but one-half of the episcopate. The Synod Of Constantinople (381) was originally only an Eastern general synod, at which were present the four patriarchs of the East (viz. of Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem), with many metropolitans and bishops. It ranks as Ecumenical because its decrees were ultimately received in the West also.

3. Patriarchal, national, and primatial councils represent a whole patriarchate, a whole nation, or the several provinces subject to a primate. Of such councils we have frequent examples in Latin Africa, where the metropolitan and ordinary bishops used to meet under the Primate of Carthage, in Spain, under the Primate of Toledo, and in earlier times in Syria, under the Metropolitan — later Patriarch — of Antioch.

4. Provincial councils bring together the suffragan bishops of the metropolitan of an ecclesiastical province and other dignitaries entitled to participate.

5. Diocesan synods consist of the clergy of the diocese and are presided over by the bishop or the vicar-general.

6. A peculiar kind of council used to be held at Constantinople, it consisted of bishops from any part of the world who happened to be at the time in that imperial city. Hence the name synodoi enoemousai "visitors' synods".

7. Lastly there have been mixed synods, in which both civil and ecclesiastical dignitaries met to settle secular as well as ecclesiastical matters. They were frequent at the beginning of the Middle Ages in France, Germany, Spain, and Italy. In England even abbesses were occasionally present at such mixed councils. Sometimes, not always, the clergy and laity voted in separate chambers.


Although it is in the nature of councils to represent either the whole or part of the Church organism yet we find many councils simply consisting of a number of bishops brought together from different countries for some special purpose, regardless of any territorial or hierarchical connection. They were most frequent in the fourth century, when the metropolitan and patriarchal circumscriptions were still imperfect, and questions of faith and discipline manifold. Not a few of them, summoned by emperors or bishops in opposition to the lawful authorities (such as that of Antioch in 341), were positively irregular, and acted for evil rather than good. Councils of this kind may be compared to the meetings of bishops of our own times; decrees passed in them had no binding power on any but the subjects of the bishops present, they were important manifestations of the sensus ecclesiae (mind of the Church) rather than judicial or legislative bodies. But precisely as expressing the mind of the Church they often acquired a far-reaching influence due, either to their internal soundness, or to the authority of their framers, or to both.

It should be noted that the terms concilia plenaria, universalia, or generalia are, or used to be, applied indiscriminately to all synods not confined to a single province; in the Middle Ages, even provincial synods, as compared to diocesan, received these names. Down to the late Middle Ages all papal synods to which a certain number of bishops from different countries had been summoned were regularly styled plenary, general, or universal synods. In earlier times, before the separation of East and West, councils to which several distant patriarchates or exarchates sent representatives, were described absolutely as "plenary councils of the universal church". These terms are applied by St. Augustine to the Council of Arles (314), at which only Western bishops were present. In the same way the council of Constantinople (382), in a letter to Pope Damasus, calls the council held in the same town the year before (381) "an Ecumenical synod" i.e. a synod representing the oikoumene, the whole inhabited world as known to the Greeks and Romans, because all the Eastern patriarchates, though no Western, took part in it. The synod of 381 could not, at that time, be termed Ecumenical in the strict sense now in use, because it still lacked the formal confirmation of the Apostolic See. As a matter of fact, the Greeks themselves did not put this council on a par with those of Nicaea and Ephesus until its confirmation at the Synod of Chalcedon, and the Latins acknowledged its authority only in the sixth century.

Semua konsili ditujukan sebagai jawaban terhadap adanya ajaran yang melenceng dari ajaran Gereja.

Perkecualian Konsili Vatikan II.
CMIIW

Any comment ?

Konsili Vatican II juga sebagai jawaban terhadap perkembangan dunia saat itu, om.

bruce wrote:

Konsili Vatican II juga sebagai jawaban terhadap perkembangan dunia saat itu, om.

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Betul sekali Mod Bruce.
Anyway dari sekian banyak dokumen yang dihasilkan, belum banyak membahas mengenai Roh Kudus ya Mod.


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cinzano wrote:

bruce wrote:

Konsili Vatican II juga sebagai jawaban terhadap perkembangan dunia saat itu, om.

[You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]

Betul sekali Mod Bruce.
Anyway dari sekian banyak dokumen yang dihasilkan, belum banyak membahas mengenai Roh Kudus ya Mod.


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Silshkn Romo Cinzan memberi pencerahan...

bruce wrote:

cinzano wrote:

bruce wrote:

Konsili Vatican II juga sebagai jawaban terhadap perkembangan dunia saat itu, om.

[You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]

Betul sekali Mod Bruce.
Anyway dari sekian banyak dokumen yang dihasilkan, belum banyak membahas mengenai Roh Kudus ya Mod.


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Silshkn Romo Cinzan memberi pencerahan...

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Walah ... wong saya minta pendapat kog malah diminta ceramah ......... [You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]

Sepengetahuan saya, diantara dokumen2 Konsili Vatikan II, belum dibahas secara mendetail mengenai karunia2 Roh Kudus.
Dimana salah satunya adalah bahasa roh dikalangan kharismatik.

Dan perkembangan kharismatik termasuk yang cepat disaat sekarang ini, menurut pemikiran saya memerlukan panduan.


Begitu pendapat saya ... bila ada kekurangan dan kelebihan, mohon dimaafkan...


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Quote :

Dan perkembangan kharismatik termasuk yang cepat disaat sekarang ini, menurut pemikiran saya memerlukan panduan.


Begitu pendapat saya ... bila ada kekurangan dan kelebihan, mohon dimaafkan...

Wah perlu pencerahan dari para romo di LTB, mod.

Heheheee ...
Romo2 disini perasaan konservatif semua [You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]

Saya beberapa kali ikut persekutuan doa kharismatik dan saya melihat mereka sedemikian antusias.

Hanya saja saya tetap tidak dapat merasakan seperti yang mereka rasakan.



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cinzano wrote:

Heheheee ...
Romo2 disini perasaan konservatif semua [You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]

Saya beberapa kali ikut persekutuan doa kharismatik dan saya melihat mereka sedemikian antusias.

Hanya saja saya tetap tidak dapat merasakan seperti yang mereka rasakan.



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Betul, om, sepertinya kebanyakan sih konservatif.
Saya pribadi merasa kurang 'pas' dengan Katolik Karismatik, entah mengapa, mungkin karena tidak biasa aja, atau karena 'kesan' yang terlalu kuat dari Karismatik Pantekosta.

Mumpung sekalian lg membahas ttg konsili2, mohon perkenankan sy mengajukan pertanyaaan, ya mungkin aj bro Bruce atau rekan2 yg lain ada yg dpt memberikan penjelasan..
pertanyaan sy itu sbb;
1. apakah hasil dr keputusan yg ada dlm konsili2 tsb didokumentasikan dan dikelompok2kan/diklasifikasikan sehingga kita bs mengetahui keputusan2 itu termasuk kedalam kelompok2 ajaran ttg deposit iman, dogma/doktrin, atau ajaran2 liturgy atau ttg ajaran2 yg lainnya..?
2. dr peringkat2 konsili yg dijelaskan ol bro Bruce diatas, konsili yg bagaimanakah yg diperlukan utk menetapkan ajaran itu bersifat deposit iman, dogma/doktrin, atau ajaran2 yg lainnya bro..?
misalkan; utk menetapkan sesuatu ajaran itu bersifat dogma maka harus dilakukan konsili pd peringkat yg pertama (Ecumenical Councils ), atau misalkan utk menetapkan ibadah Kharismatik Katolik itu harus ditetapkan pd konsili yg mana, apakah cukup pd Provincial Council atau Diocesan Synods saja..?

Ok, demikian pertanyaan sy semoga bro Bruce atau rekan2 yg lain dpt memberikan info penjelasan lebih lanjut.. Dan sebelumnya sy ucapkan terimakasih..
Syalom, [You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]

nothingman wrote:

Mumpung sekalian lg membahas ttg konsili2, mohon perkenankan sy mengajukan pertanyaaan, ya mungkin aj bro Bruce atau rekan2 yg lain ada yg dpt memberikan penjelasan..
pertanyaan sy itu sbb;
1. apakah hasil dr keputusan yg ada dlm konsili2 tsb didokumentasikan dan dikelompok2kan/diklasifikasikan sehingga kita bs mengetahui keputusan2 itu termasuk kedalam kelompok2 ajaran ttg deposit iman, dogma/doktrin, atau ajaran2 liturgy atau ttg ajaran2 yg lainnya..?
2. dr peringkat2 konsili yg dijelaskan ol bro Bruce diatas, konsili yg bagaimanakah yg diperlukan utk menetapkan ajaran itu bersifat deposit iman, dogma/doktrin, atau ajaran2 yg lainnya bro..?
misalkan; utk menetapkan sesuatu ajaran itu bersifat dogma maka harus dilakukan konsili pd peringkat yg pertama (Ecumenical Councils ), atau misalkan utk menetapkan ibadah Kharismatik Katolik itu harus ditetapkan pd konsili yg mana, apakah cukup pd Provincial Council atau Diocesan Synods saja..?

Ok, demikian pertanyaan sy semoga bro Bruce atau rekan2 yg lain dpt memberikan info penjelasan lebih lanjut.. Dan sebelumnya sy ucapkan terimakasih..
Syalom, [You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]

Sepertinya jawaban terhadap pertanyaan anda harus dijawab oleh romo Yopi, bro. Karena kalau saya yang menjawab nanti salah. Sorry, gak berani sembarangan nih, karena berhubungan dengan hukum Gereja.

He he he he, saya harus sekolah lagi...

bruce wrote:

Sepertinya jawaban terhadap pertanyaan anda harus dijawab oleh romo Yopi, bro. Karena kalau saya yang menjawab nanti salah. Sorry, gak berani sembarangan nih, karena berhubungan dengan hukum Gereja.

He he he he, saya harus sekolah lagi...

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waaah... maaf ya bro Bruce, sy nda bermaksud merepotkan dan menyusahkan anda... [You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]
ya semoga dgn penjelasan dr Romo Yopi ntinya kita jg akan jd lebih mengetahui ttg ajaran keimanan kita ya bro.. n thanx atas atensi anda..
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nothingman wrote:

bruce wrote:

Sepertinya jawaban terhadap pertanyaan anda harus dijawab oleh romo Yopi, bro. Karena kalau saya yang menjawab nanti salah. Sorry, gak berani sembarangan nih, karena berhubungan dengan hukum Gereja.

He he he he, saya harus sekolah lagi...

[You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]

waaah... maaf ya bro Bruce, sy nda bermaksud merepotkan dan menyusahkan anda... [You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]
ya semoga dgn penjelasan dr Romo Yopi ntinya kita jg akan jd lebih mengetahui ttg ajaran keimanan kita ya bro.. n thanx atas atensi anda..
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Sama sekali tidak merepotkan, dan memang salah satu fungsi forum seperti ini adalah agar kita masih terus belajar untuk semakin dalam mengetahui apa yang sudah kita imani.

@Yopi

Bro, mohon dibantu pertanyaan Nothingman yang saya rasa anda lebih tahu dibanding saya, daripada saya jawab nanti keliru.

Syalom

wah belum ada jawaban dr pertanyaan sy...
mungkin romo Yopi lg sibuk bro Bruce, jd nda perlu mengganggunya dgn pertanyaan sy diatas atau dijawab lain kali aj jg gpp kok..

Syalom, [You must be registered and logged in to see this image.]

Ok, bro, take it easy.